About Hashimoto’s disease

Hashimoto’s disease is an autoimmune disease requiring long-term treatment to improve the functioning of the thyroid gland. Symptoms of hypothyroidism, being a consequence of inflammation occurring during the disease, can develop silently for years. Some of them are wrongly assigned to incorrect diet and lifestyle. They include: chronic fatigue, problems with metabolism, poorer condition of skin, hair and nails. A relationship between hypothyroidism and Hashimoto’s disease, and disrupted menstruation and infertility is also observed.
 

 

 

Insufficient production of thyroid hormones and increased levels of antibodies have an impact on the general condition of the body and lead to the development of comorbidities. The disorders in the thyroid function influence the functions of other organs, as they all are closely connected. Therefore, a body affected by this disease requires a comprehensive therapeutic approach to restore homoeostasis (balance) of its functioning.

The most common disorders related to the thyroid functioning are:

  • disorders of carbohydrate metabolism, insulin resistance, diabetes,
  • overweight and obesity, decrease in basic metabolism by even 30%, an increase in the number of insulin receptors in the fatty tissue by 70%,
  • poor condition of skin, hair, and nails
  • infertility, disrupted ovulation, and progesterone deficiency,
  • cardiovascular disorders; an increase in the cholesterol LDL fraction, triglycerides, homocysteine, C-reactive protein, and blood pressure; reduction in cholesterol HDL fraction
  • abnormal bone mineral density, tripled risk of hip bone neck fracture and a four times higher risk of spine fracture,
  • depression, mood swings
  • other autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, type 1 diabetes and coeliac disease.

Diet in Hashimoto’s disease

Although a well-balanced diet provides all necessary nutrients in sufficient quantities, this assumption does not always work in practice. Many factors can disrupt their correct absorption in the intestine, and this results in significant deficits of necessary vitamins and minerals. One of them can be a reduced metabolic rate in people with Hashimoto’s disease, which prevents full extraction of vitamins and minerals from the consumed food. Therefore, the latest research proves that a key to normal functioning of people with this disease is a correct and well-balanced supplementation.

Supply of protein representing...
Supply of protein representing 15–20% of the diet energy value. Full-value protein is a source of exogenous amino acid, tyrosine, being an initial substrate for the synthesis of the main hormone produced in the thyroid gland, thyroxine (T4).
Fats, mainly of plant origin (oils, nuts, and seeds), supplying 25–30% of the diet energy value. The supply of polyunsaturated fatty acids from the omega-3 group is particularly important, as they stimulate the liver to process T4 to T3, increasing the body’s metabolic rate and cell sensitivity to thyroid hormones. Synthesis of thyroid hormones may depend on the quantity and quality of fat in the diet. The supply of saturated fatty acids should be reduced.
Complex carbohydrates, representing 50–70% of the diet’s energy value and an appropriate supply of dietary fibre at a constant level, due to their influence on the absorption of medicines with whole grain cereal products, and vegetables and fruit. Hypothyroidism is frequently accompanied by insulin resistance; therefore, products with a low glycaemic index and limited consumption of easily absorbed carbohydrates are recommended.

Correctly selected vitamins and microelements have a holistic effect on the whole body, significantly contributing to an improvement in its functioning.

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